Hong Kong has unveiled long-awaited but somewhat ambiguous plans to regulate ride-hailing services, leaving the future of Uber Technologies Inc. in the city uncertain. The Transport and Logistics Bureau announced intentions to license platforms like Uber and enforce stricter penalties for violations, while also proposing the introduction of premium taxi fleets to improve the overall quality of taxi services.
A central issue remains the number of hire-car permits available for ride-hailing services. Currently, only 1,500 permits exist, although Uber has over 10,000 drivers in Hong Kong. Oliver Chan, assistant professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, expressed concerns that if quotas are not increased, many Uber drivers would continue to operate outside the law. According to the South China Morning Post, officials have no plans to expand the quota.
Uber responded positively to the government's regulatory efforts but emphasized the need for a practical licensing system. The company warned that a cap on ridesharing licenses could significantly affect drivers who depend on the platform for flexible income.
The tension between Uber and Hong Kong's taxi operators is evident. The value of taxi licenses has significantly dropped, currently worth HK$2.8 million compared to HK$7.3 million in 2015. The city has not issued new taxi licenses for three decades, despite a population increase of around 1.5 million people. Issues such as rude service, overcharging, and dangerous driving have plagued the local taxi industry, increasing pressure on the government to both regulate ride-hailing and improve taxi services.
Gary Zhang, a lawmaker and former operations manager at MTR Corp, noted that the proposal allows ride-hailing platforms to operate in a "gray area." The Transport Department plans to study commuter needs over the next 12 months to help form the new regulatory framework.
The regulatory plans come as Uber's rapid growth continues to challenge traditional taxi businesses globally. Despite Hong Kong being a relatively small market for Uber, the outcome of this regulatory saga could influence frameworks in other regions. Uber has strengthened its position through the acquisition of local taxi-hire app HKTaxi in 2021, allowing users to book metered taxis through its app. The company ended its Uber Eats service in Hong Kong that same year.
According to Zhang, eliminating Uber from Hong Kong would have a significant impact, emphasizing that local taxis cannot adequately meet public demand. The future of Uber in Hong Kong remains in a state of flux, pending further details on the regulatory plans and potential adjustments to the current hire-car permit quotas.